1. Absolute Encoder:Type of encoder providing a unique binary word for each position.

絕對(duì)值編碼器：一種為每個(gè)位置提供唯一二進(jìn)制編碼的編碼器

2.Incremental Encoder：A type of encoder signal providing logic states "0" and "1" alternately for each successive cycle of resolution.

增量型編碼器：在分辨率范圍內(nèi)每個(gè)連續(xù)循環(huán)內(nèi)交替給出邏輯信號(hào) "0" 和 "1"的編碼器

3.Absolute Waveform:A binary output waveform which provides a unique parallel word code pattern for every position increment of the encoder shaft, corresponding to the resolution of the encoder. Typical parallel waveforms are Gray Code, Natural Binary, and Binary Coded Decimal.

絕對(duì)值波形：對(duì)應(yīng)編碼器的分辨率，為編碼器軸每個(gè)位置增量都提供唯一的并行代碼的二進(jìn)制輸出波形。典型的并行代碼波形有格雷碼、自然二進(jìn)制碼和二進(jìn)制編碼的十進(jìn)制碼。

4.Incremental Waveform:Two series of square wave cycles offset by 90 degrees whose period is determined by the resolution and rotational speed of the encoder. Typically a once-per-revolution index pulse as well as the inverse of the index and data lines are also part of the standard waveform of an incremental encoder.

增量型波形：兩個(gè)偏移90度的系列方波，方波周期取決于編碼器的分辨率和旋轉(zhuǎn)速度。通常，每周一次的INDEX脈沖，以及INDEX信號(hào)的反轉(zhuǎn)及數(shù)據(jù)線也是增量型編碼器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)信號(hào)的一部分。

5.Accuracy:This is the deviation between the actual position and the theoretical position of each bit edge. The base accuracy of an encoder is traceable to the encoding disc. Accuracy is different from and is not directly related to resolution.
精度：是指每位邊緣實(shí)際位置值與理論值之間的偏差。編碼器的基本精度取決于編碼光盤。精度與分辨率不是同一個(gè)概念，并且與分辨率沒有直接關(guān)系。

6.Index:A single, separate output on an incremental encoder providing one count per revolution. This is often gated to one or both of the count channels, so that the index maintains the same relationship with the count channels on every revolution.

索引：在增量型編碼器上每轉(zhuǎn)給出一個(gè)單一獨(dú)立輸出信號(hào)。Index信號(hào)通常是一個(gè)或兩個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)通道的起始點(diǎn)，因此在沒轉(zhuǎn)上它與計(jì)數(shù)通道都保持同一位置關(guān)系。

7.Angular Resolution:The resolution of a rotary encoder expressed as a portion of a circle (i.e. a resolution of 360 cycles per turn, is the same thing as an angular resolution of 1 degree)

角分辨率：旋轉(zhuǎn)編碼器的分辨率也可以解釋為一個(gè)圓周上的等分?jǐn)?shù)(比如：每圈360等分的分辨率與角分辨率為1度是同樣的概念）。

8.Interpolation:An electronic multiplication technique for increasing encoder resolution. Certain interpolation techniques can also increase the encoder bandwidth. See also, Edge Detection.

插補(bǔ)：一種增加編碼器分辨率的電子倍增技術(shù)。某些插值技術(shù)還可以提高編碼器的帶寬。也可以參考：邊緣檢測(cè)。

9.Bandwidth:The upper usable frequency range of operation for an encoder. Usually determined by the encoder resolution, type of output driver, the type and impedance of the cable, and the type of output receiver.

帶寬：是指編碼器工作允許的最高可用頻率范圍。通常取決于編碼器的分辨率，輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)的類型，電纜的類型和阻抗以及輸出接收器的種類。

10.Binary Coded Decimal:Decimal number represented in natural binary. For example, 360 would be represented as the 12-bit binary number 0011 0110 0000.

二進(jìn)制編碼的十進(jìn)制：自然二進(jìn)制表示的十進(jìn)制數(shù)。例如，360將表示為12位二進(jìn)制數(shù)00110110 0000。

11.Bit:In incremental encoders a bit refers to 1 quantum of data or 1 increment of digital code. In absolute encoders a bit refers to the number of tracks which normally equate to the power of 2 of the final resolution, e.g., 8 bits equals 2 to the 8th power (256 positions), 12 bits equals 2 to the 12th power (4096 positions), etc.

位：在增量型編碼器中，一位是指數(shù)據(jù)的一單位或者數(shù)值編碼的一個(gè)增量。在絕對(duì)值編碼器中，位是指通道的數(shù)目，通常等于2的指數(shù)（指數(shù)值為最大分辨率值），如：8位就等于2的8次方（256個(gè)位置），12位等于2的12次方（4096個(gè)位置）等等。

12.Line Count:This is often used to mean resolution. It refers to the number of lines that are contained in the code pattern of the code disk on an incremental encoder.

行數(shù)：通常用來表示分辨率。它是指在增量型編碼器碼盤編碼模式所含有的行的數(shù)目。

13.Line Driver:A type of encoder output. This is the general term used for a differential output driver intended for use with a differential receiver. Line drivers can be used to source or sink current, have a low output impedance and, when used with a differential receiver, have a high noise immunity, even when used with particularly long cable runs.

線性輸出：編碼器輸出的一種方式。它是一個(gè)通用術(shù)語，用于描述為滿足差動(dòng)接收而采用的差動(dòng)輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)器。當(dāng)采用差動(dòng)接收器時(shí)，線性輸出可以采用源電流或灌電流方式，它有低的輸出阻抗，有高的抗干擾能力，特別是電纜特別長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候。

14.Complement:The inverse of a digital signal. When a data channel transitions from the HI state to the LO state, it’s complement will transition from LO to HI. Complementary output signals, when used with a differential receiver can utilize common mode noise rejection (CMNR) to reduce noise susceptibility.

互補(bǔ)輸出：數(shù)字信號(hào)的反值。當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)通道傳輸從高電平狀態(tài)變化到低電平狀態(tài)，補(bǔ)充信號(hào)就會(huì)從電平狀態(tài)變?yōu)楦唠娖綘顟B(tài)。當(dāng)采用差動(dòng)接收器時(shí)，互補(bǔ)輸出信號(hào)可以利用共模噪聲抑制（CMNR)來降低噪聲干擾。

15.Natural Binary Code:A common absolute encoder output format, it is constructed so the code counts up using natural sequence of binary counting. Example, the counting goes 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, and so on. The drawbacks to using this code sequence is that at several count positions, the code will have transitions on multiple bits simultaneously. Because of the normal variations caused by gate delays, line impedances, and other factors, the actual transitions don't occur simultaneously. Reading data during one of these times could result in an erroneous reading. Control systems can overcome this issue by taking multiple readings.

自然二進(jìn)制碼：絕對(duì)值編碼器常用的一種輸出格式。基于它的構(gòu)造，計(jì)數(shù)采用二進(jìn)制計(jì)數(shù)的自然順序。例如，從000，001，010，011，100計(jì)數(shù)等等。使用這種代碼順序計(jì)數(shù)的缺點(diǎn)是，在幾個(gè)計(jì)數(shù)位置，代碼同時(shí)在多個(gè)位轉(zhuǎn)換。因?yàn)殚T延遲，線路阻抗，以及其他因素所造成的變化，實(shí)際的轉(zhuǎn)換會(huì)不同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。讀取數(shù)據(jù)，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤的讀數(shù)。控制系統(tǒng)通過采取多次讀數(shù)的方式可以克服這個(gè)問題。

16.Open Collector:A type of encoder output driver that utilizes an NPN transistor. Electrically it is a current sink and requires a pull-up resistor from the supply voltage to the signal high line. This resistor can be internal or external to the encoder.

集電極開路：采用NPN晶體管作為編碼器輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)器。電氣上，它是灌電流型式，需要在電源電壓和信號(hào)線之間采用一個(gè)上拉電阻。這個(gè)電阻可以安裝在編碼器內(nèi)部或外部。

17.Edge Detection:Also called quadrature detection. A technique used in incremental quadrature encoders whereby the controller counts the edge transitions on the encoder signals. Counting the transitions on a single channel doubles the resolution (two transitions for every cycle). Counting transitions on two channels in quadrature results in four times the base resolution.

邊緣檢測(cè)：也叫正交檢測(cè)。是增量正交編碼器采用的一種技術(shù)，這種技術(shù)是在編碼器信號(hào)邊緣轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，控制器計(jì)數(shù)。單通道的計(jì)數(shù)值是分辨率的兩倍（每一個(gè)循環(huán)會(huì)有兩次變化）。兩通道的計(jì)數(shù)值是分辨率的4倍。

18.Parallel Absolute Output:Each bit of the data word is output in parallel on a separate data line. For example, an 8-bit parallel output would have eight distinct data lines. Together these eight lines are capable of representing up to 256 unique positions. Resolution for absolute encoders is expressed in bits and counts, where each successive bit increases the resolution by a factor of two. 10 bits = 2¹⁰ = 1,024 counts per revolution.

并行絕對(duì)值輸出：數(shù)據(jù)的每個(gè)位是在一根獨(dú)立的數(shù)據(jù)線上并行輸出。例如：8位并行輸出就會(huì)有8根數(shù)據(jù)線。8根數(shù)據(jù)線一起可以代表256個(gè)唯一的位置。絕對(duì)值編碼器的分辨率可以用位和計(jì)數(shù)來說明，每個(gè)連續(xù)位的增加是分辨率提升2倍。10位= 2¹⁰ = 1024計(jì)數(shù)/每圈.

19.PPR:Pulses per Revolution (see Resolution).

PPR:每圈的脈沖數(shù)。

20.Gray Code:A common absolute encoder output format based on binary counting, but it avoids the multiple transition problem entirely, It differs from Natural Binary in that only one bit can transition at a time.

格雷碼：絕對(duì)值編碼器基于二進(jìn)制計(jì)數(shù)的一種通用輸出格式，但它完全避免了多輸出問題，它也區(qū)別于自然二進(jìn)制碼只能輸出一位的情況。

Quadrature:Two incremental output channels that are deliberately out of phase by 90 electrical degrees. The relationship between the two channels is set within the encoder. A typical quadrature relationship would be described as: A leads B for counterclockwise (CCW) rotation of the input shaft. Quadrature allows for discrimination between direction of movement (CW versus CCW), error detection in high vibration environments and higher resolution by using edge detection.

Hysteresis:A dead band purposely introduced in the encoder electronics. This helps to prevent transition ambiguities if the system happens to dither on a transition.

Repeatability:The deviation of the actual encoder position produced between subsequent identical code readings. The ability to repeat exact bit placements. Repeatability is unrelated to resolution and is usually 4 to 10 times better than accuracy.

Resolution:The number of bits or words contained in the complete code. For incremental and tachometer encoders, resolution is defined as cycles per revolution. For absolute single turn encoders, it is called counts per turn. Multiturn encoders are specified as positions per turn of the input shaft and the number of turns of the internal gear ratio. Resolution is not the same as accuracy.

Serial Synchronous Interface (SSI):SSI is a means to transmit encoder position information on a single pair of conductors instead of one conductor per bit. A clock pulse train from a controller tells the encoder when to send out data bits: one bit of position data is transmitted to the controller per one clock pulse received by the sensor.

Transition:Change of state of the digital word. This occurs at the bit or word edge.

輸出相

增量型式的輸出信號(hào)數(shù)。包括1相型（A相）、2相型（A相、B相）、3相（A相、B相、Z相）。Z相輸出1次即輸出1次原點(diǎn)用的信號(hào)。

輸出相位差

軸旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，將A相、B相各信號(hào)相互間上升或下降中的時(shí)間偏移量與信號(hào)1周期時(shí)間的比，或者用電氣角表示信號(hào)1周期為360°。

A相、B相用電氣角表示為90°的相位差。

CW

即順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)（Clock Wise）的方向。從軸側(cè)面觀察為向右旋轉(zhuǎn)，在這個(gè)旋轉(zhuǎn)方向中，通常增量型為A相比B相先進(jìn)行相位輸出，絕對(duì)型為代碼增加方向。

CW方向反旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)為CCW（Counter Clock Wise）

輸出功效比

使軸以固定速旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)輸出的平均脈沖周期時(shí)間與1周期的H位時(shí)間的比。

最高響應(yīng)頻率

響應(yīng)信號(hào)所得到的最大信號(hào)頻率。

上升時(shí)間、下降時(shí)間

輸出脈沖的10～90％的時(shí)間。

輸出電路

（1）開路集電極輸出

以輸出電路的晶體管發(fā)射極為共通型，以集電極為開放式的輸出電路。

（2）電壓輸出

以輸出電路的晶體管的發(fā)射極為共通型，在集電極與電源間插入電阻，并輸出因電壓而變化的集電極的輸出電路。

（3）線路驅(qū)動(dòng)器輸出

本輸出方式采用高速、長(zhǎng)距離輸送用的專用IC方式，是依據(jù)RS422-A規(guī)格的數(shù)據(jù)傳送方式。信號(hào)以差動(dòng)的2信號(hào)輸出，因此抗干擾能力強(qiáng)。接受線路驅(qū)動(dòng)器輸出的信號(hào)時(shí)，可使用稱為線路接

（4）補(bǔ)碼輸出

輸出上具備NPN和PNP2種輸出晶體管的輸出電路。根據(jù)輸出信號(hào)的「H」、「L」，2個(gè)輸出晶體管交互進(jìn)行「ON」、「OFF」動(dòng)作。使用時(shí)，請(qǐng)?jiān)谡龢O電源、OV上進(jìn)行上拉、下降后再使用。補(bǔ)碼輸出，包括輸出電流的流出、流入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，其特征為信號(hào)的上、下降速度快，可延長(zhǎng)代碼的長(zhǎng)距離。可與開路集電極輸入機(jī)器（NPN、PNP）連接。

啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩

旋轉(zhuǎn)式編碼器的軸旋轉(zhuǎn)啟動(dòng)時(shí)必須的旋轉(zhuǎn)力矩。通常旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，一般取比本值低的值。軸為防水用密封設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩的值較高。

慣性力矩

表示旋轉(zhuǎn)式編碼器的旋轉(zhuǎn)啟動(dòng)、停止時(shí)的慣性力的大小。

軸容許力

是加在軸上的負(fù)載負(fù)重的容許量。徑向以直角方向?qū)S增加負(fù)重，而軸向以軸方向增加負(fù)重。兩者都為軸旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)容許負(fù)重，該負(fù)重的大小對(duì)軸承的壽命產(chǎn)生影響。

動(dòng)作環(huán)境溫度

是滿足規(guī)格的環(huán)境溫度，也是接觸外界溫度與旋轉(zhuǎn)式編碼器的相關(guān)零件的溫度容許值。

保存環(huán)境溫度

在斷電狀態(tài)下，不會(huì)引起功能劣化的環(huán)境溫度，也是接觸外界溫度及與旋轉(zhuǎn)式編碼器的相關(guān)零件的溫度容許值。

保護(hù)構(gòu)造

保護(hù)構(gòu)造的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是為了防止外部的異物侵入旋轉(zhuǎn)式編碼器內(nèi)。根據(jù)IEC60529規(guī)格、JEM規(guī)格的規(guī)定，用IP□□表示。

絕對(duì)代碼

（1）二進(jìn)制代碼

本代碼為純2進(jìn)制代碼，用2n表示。可通過位置的轉(zhuǎn)換變換復(fù)數(shù)的位有。

（2）格雷碼

轉(zhuǎn)換位置時(shí)，只有1位發(fā)生變化的代碼。 旋轉(zhuǎn)式編碼器的代碼板為格雷碼。

（3）余格雷碼

是用格雷碼表示36、360、720等2n以外的分辨率時(shí) 的代碼。格雷碼的性質(zhì)為 ：將格雷碼的最上位從“0”切換至“1” 時(shí)起，當(dāng)數(shù)值小的一方和數(shù)值大的一方分別只取相同區(qū)域時(shí)，在該范圍內(nèi)從代碼的結(jié)束與開始進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)，只改變1位信號(hào)。根據(jù)這種性質(zhì)，可按格雷碼進(jìn)行任意的偶數(shù)分辨率設(shè)定。 但此時(shí)，代碼的起始不是從0位置開始，而是從中途的代碼開始，所以實(shí)際使用時(shí)，需要進(jìn)行代碼轉(zhuǎn)換處理，轉(zhuǎn)換至由0位置起的代碼后再使用。二進(jìn)10進(jìn)制代碼（Binary Coded Decimal Code）。是分別用2進(jìn)符號(hào)表示10進(jìn)制各位的代碼。

串行傳送

對(duì)應(yīng)同時(shí)輸出多位數(shù)據(jù)的通常并聯(lián)傳送，可采用由一個(gè)傳送線進(jìn)行系列化輸出數(shù)據(jù)的形式，目的是節(jié)省連線，在接受信號(hào)側(cè)則變換成并聯(lián)信號(hào)后使用。

中空軸型（空心軸型）

旋轉(zhuǎn)軸為中空軸形狀，通過將驅(qū)動(dòng)側(cè)的軸直接與中空孔連接，可節(jié)省軸方向的空間。

以板簧為緩沖，吸收驅(qū)動(dòng)軸的振動(dòng)等

金屬盤

編碼器的旋轉(zhuǎn)板（盤）是用金屬制成的，與玻璃旋轉(zhuǎn)板（盤）相比，更強(qiáng)化了耐沖擊性。但受到狹縫加工的制約，不能應(yīng)用于高分辨率。

伺服裝置

編碼器的安裝方法之一是：用伺服裝置用配件，壓住編碼器的法蘭部后固定的方法。在臨時(shí)固定的狀態(tài)下，可進(jìn)行編碼器旋轉(zhuǎn)方向的位置調(diào)節(jié)，所以適用于需要與編碼器的原點(diǎn)相吻合的情況。

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絕對(duì)代碼表